Typewriting machine



Oct. 7, 1941. w. o. MlcHr-:LsEN

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 9, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 7, 1941.w, o. MICHELsl-:N 2,258,211

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed'march 9, 1959 4 sheets-sheet 2 Oct. 7, 1941.

W. O. MICHELSEN 4 TYEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 9, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet3 lNvENToR 20.0.M/'che/.sen

ATTORNEYS l Oct. 7, 1941. w. o. MicHEL'sEN TYPEWRITING MACHINE 4Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 9, 1959 @WN Ng QQ NWIN www WNWNN BYJM yATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 7, 1941 TYPEWRITING MACHINE William O.Michelsen, Woodhaven, N. Y., assignor to Royal Typewriter Company, Inc.,New York. N. Y., a corporation of New York Application March 9, 1939,SerialNo. 260,841

(Cl. IS7-66) 27 Claims.

This invention relates to typewriting machines, and more particularly topower-driven typewriter carriage return mechanism. Various kinds ofpower-driven mechanism for returning typewriter carriages after typingof lines heretofore have been proposed. Mechanism constructed inaccordance with the present invention embodies numerous improvements instructure and has novel operating advantages, as will be pointed outhereinafter. l

An object offthe invention is to provide simple, compact, power-driventypewriter carriage return mechanism which is so constructed asto bevery easily attachable to a standard typewriter in such position as notsubstantially to increase the total space occupied by the typewriter andso as not to interfere with the servicing of the usual typewriter parts.l

Another object is to provide carriage return mechanism controlled, forstarting, by a conveniently positioned key operable by a very lighttouch, l

Another object Iis to provide carriage return mechanism including amotor andmeans adapted to be driven by the motor, as by being clutchedthereto, for interrupting the carriage Vreturn drive.

Another object is to provide carriage return mechanism including a'motor anda driving clutch, and a brake for slowing down the motor whenthe carriage hasalmost reached the end of its return `travel so as tolessen clutch pressure and thus facilitate disengagement of the clutch.

Another object is to provide carriage return mechanism and controlmechanism therefor including means for retarding the carriage returnmovement during the latter part of the carriage return travel tominimize shocks and noise.

Another object is to provide carriage return drive mechanism including aslip clutch for permitting the carriage to stop during continuedoperation of the driving motor in case the carriageis -accidentallyobstructed, during its return movement and before it reaches the endthereof.

Another object is to provide a combined poweroperated carriage returnand line spacing mechanism and a manually operable, line spacingmechanism, the two mechanisms being so related that the handle of themanually operable mechanism will not be rocked `by operation of thepower operated line spacing mechanism.

Another object is to provide a power operated carriage return mechanismand manually oper. able line spacing mechanism, the latter including ahandle yadapted to yield in the event the operv writer showing mechanismembodying the invenv Figure 15 is a rear ators hand or some object iscaught between the handle and the typewriter frame during poweroperatedcarriage return.

A further object is to provide carriage returnV mechanism so supportedand housed as to secure freedom from the operators view of irritatingmoving objects.

Other objects will become apparent from. a reading of the followingdescription, the appended claims, and the accompanying drawings, inwhich:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary top plan view of a typewriter with carriagereturn mechanism embodying the invention applied thereto;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary top`plan view of 'a corner of thev typewriterkey board and showing a carriage return key;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary elevational view ofa manually operable linespacing lever as it appears when looking in the direction of the arrow Xin Figure 1;

Figure v4 is a fragmentary elevational view of the manually operableline spacing lever as seen when looking from the left of Figure 3 and,after being thus viewed, being rotated through ninety degrees;

Figure 5 is a detail section taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary bottom perspective view of a line spacinglever handle;

Figure ,'1 is a fragmentary rear view of a typetion applied thereto;

,Figure 8 is a detail section taken on the line 8 8 of Figure 1;

Figure 9 is a detail view of the left end of platen and parts of anassociated line-spacing mechamsm; v

Figure 10 is a fragmentary view in vertical section on the line iii-I0of Figure 7;

Figure 11 is a rear view of the carriage returnv ing mechanismfwithits-cover -or mask removed, the Vparts being shown in operating orcarriagereturning positions;

Figure 12 is a. left side view of the mechanism shown in Figure 11, apart of a mechanism frame being omitted to show the mechanism moreclearly; e

Figure 13 isa plan view of the mechanism shown in Figures 11 and 12, thetop of a' mechanism frame being shown partly broken away;

Figure 14 is a detail sectional view showing a driving pinion,- frictionclutch, and vmotor brake;

viewof parts of mechanism A end of the lhub 2I controlling the carriagereturn motive and driv-A ing mechanism, the parts being shown in posi-stions occupied when the carriage return drive is not operating;

Figure 16 is a view looking from the right side of Figure 15; f

Figure 17 is a perspective view of a mechanism frame; y

Figure 18 is a detail sectional view of' a gear, clutch, andwinding drumassembly;

Figure 19 is a section on the linei9|9 of Figure 18;

Figure 20 is a section on the line 20-28 of Figure 18;

Figure 21 is an elevation of a motor control switch:

Figure.2 2 is a view looking at right angles to Figure 21; r Figure 23is a fragmentary section showing parts of a modified mechanism, thesection being taken'on the line 23--23 of Figure 24;' and Figure 24 is atop plan view of parts shown in Figure 23.

Mechanism embodying the invention may be applied vto or incoroprated invarious kinds of typewriters. For the purposes of illustration, apreferred form of mechanism embodying the invention is shown as beingapplied Vto a Royal Standard typewriter, the general construction ofwhich is well known. The typewriter includes a main frame or Yhousinggenerally designated A and a carriage B mounted on the frame for theusual letter spacing and return movements. A platen I, mounted in thecustomary manner on the carriage, is equipped vwith a line spacingratchet 2, which is adapted to cooperate with a pawl 3 carried by a linespacing rock lever 4. A spring motor of usualy construction including awinding drum 5, around which is wrapped a draw-band 6, is provided formoving the carriage in letter spacing direction underthe 4control of anescapement mechanism including an escapement rack 1 supported onftthecarriage as at 8.

A margin stop bar 9 supported on the carriage .serves to mount a leftmargin stop I -having vI6 pivotally connected as at I'I to anadjustablelength linkv I8. The link I8 is formed with a verticallyextending portion pivotally connected as at I3 to a crank arm 2li-on oneend of a hub 2I pivoted as at 22 on the bracket Il. The other nger 23.

The lower arm l of the center stop is provided with a horizontallyextending arm 12| having a depending projection 25 connected to a pullrod 26 the front end of which is connected in a known manner to a marginreleasekey and to la tabular key (not shown). A tabular stop -frame 21mounted on the carriage is equipped with a plurality of tabular stops,28 which can operations. Normally the center stop `I2 and tabular linger2 3 lwill be in the positions shown Lis equipped with a tabular marginstop I0, and the upper end of the crank I arm 20 and the pivot I9 will`move forwardly. The significance of such forward movement of theseintermediate parts of the tabulating and margin release mechanism willbecomeapparent hereinafter. i

The left margin stop III cooperates with the center stop I2 in aconventional mannen'but is constructed or equipped to cooperate alsowith means for cutting `olf the carriage return motor and/or foreifecting braking or slowing down of the carriage as it approaches'theend of its return movement. In other respects, the construction andoperation of the parts thus far described are known and do not per seconstitute the present invention. Mechanisml embodying the inventionincludes other parts, to be described, organizations of such otherparts, and combinations thereof with the known parts described above. fIn its general nature, mechanism embodying the invention includes amotor C (Figures l, 7, and. 12) arranged to drive a winding drum D(Figures 7, 11, 12, 13, 16, and 18) through a clutch E (Figures 12, 13,1 6, and 18).. The'drum D is equipped with a pull band F (Figures 1, 7,11, 12

and 13) connected to mechanism which when pulled by the band iir'steifects line spacing ro-l the band F from becoming slack it the carriageis moved manually on its return stroke, that is, toward its startingposition at the right hand end of the frame A. A braking device or dashpot H (Figures '1 -and 7) is arranged vto retard the carriage as itapproaches the endof its return stroke, and mechanism is provided fordisvengaging the clutch E and opening ar motor control switch I (Figures15, 16, 21,\and 22) -to stop the motor C when the carriage has reachedthe end of its return movement. vThe arrangement is such that depressingof a carriage return key J (Figures 2 and l5) will effect closing of theswitch I and engagement of the clutch E so that the motorA will start,first effecting line spacing Imovement of the platen and then moving thecarriage tofposition` it at rest in readiness for the starting ofanother line of typing.` The carriage will be stopped automatically atthe end of itsreturn movement irrespective of whether the key J ,hasbeenreleased after being depressed or held down. Other features ofconstruction and operation will become 'apparent from the detaileddescription following.

A plate 29 secured to the frame A by screws 30 supports a mechanismframe 3| connected to the plate 28 by screws 32. The motor C is securedto a block 33 of cushioning or scunddeadening material, such as bre,byscrews' 34, and the block is connected to the plate 28 by screws 35.`As shown in Figure 17, the mechanism frame 3| is formed at its rear sidewith upper ears 36 'on which is mounted a supporting plate 31 secured tothe ears by screws 38, the mechanism frame also being formed withlowerears 39 to which a supporting plate 40 is connected by screws 4I. Ahousing or cover 42 fits over the frame 3 I.

The motor shaft 43 extends rearwardly from the motor C, and is equippedwith a vcoupling formed on a coupling washer 41 secured to a pinionshaft 48, as shown in Figure- 14. The shaft 48 is formed with a flange49 against which is abutted a split inner anti-friction bearing race 50held up against the flange 49 by means of a nut on the threaded end ofthe pinion shaft. The outer race of the anti-friction bearing is formeddirectly in the supporting plate 40. The arrangement is such that thepinion shaft 48 is coupled flexibly to the motor shaft -43 to be driventhereby even though the two shafts be not aligned with minuteaccurateness. A pinion 52, preferably formed with helical teeth, issecured to the pinion shaft 48 so as to turn in unison therewith.

A friction clutch, operable in a manner to be j described later toeffect stopping of the motor when the carriage has reached the end ofits return travel.' is mounted on the outer end of the pinion shaft. Itincludes an inner clutch disc 53 provided with a hub 54 fitting over andfixed to the end of thepinion shaft 48, an intermediate disc 55'journalled upon the outside of the hub `54, and an outer disc 56 towhich is secured axially a pin 51 which extends into the hollow adjacentend of the pinion shaft, being urged outwardly by a coil spring 58.Secured to the outer disc 56 is a pin 59 which extends into an openingln the hub 54 of the disc 53, thus coupling the discs 53 and 56 forconcurrent rotation. Friction clutch lining 60 is interposed between thediscs 53 and 55 and the discs 55 and 56. Since the disc 53 is fixed tothe pinion shaft 48, and since the pin 59 connects the disc 56 to thedisc 53, the discs 53 and 56 are constrained to rotate together with thepinion and pinion shaft. However, when the discs 53 and 56 are out offrictional clutching connection with the intermediate disc 55, theintermediate disc is free to remain stationary while the discs 53 and 56rotate. When the disc 56 is p'ushed inwardly agamst the urge of thespring 58 to effect frictional engagement between the friction clutchlining 6|) and the discs 53, 55, and 56, the intermediate disc 55 willpartake of rotary movement with the discs 53 and 56.

The motor C is arranged to drive the winding drum D through the coupling44, pinion 52, and clutch E and related parts which will be describednext. Referring particularly to Figure 18, a stub shaft 6| has itsreduced end 62 extending `through an opening in the upper supportingplate 31, a nut 63 having threaded'engagement with the reduced end 62 ofthe shaft 6| for securing the shaft to the plate 31. The shaft 6| isformed with a flange 64 axially spaced from the plate 31, and a sleeve65 is mounted for rotation on the shaft 6| between the flange 64 thereofand the supporting plate 31. A bushing 66 is mounted on the outside ofthe sleeve 65 and is constrained to rotate therewith by means of a pinand slot connection 61 which permits axial movement of the bushingrelative to the sleeve. The bushing is formed with -a peripheral flange68 which is spaced axially from the shaft flange 64. A clutch disc 69formed with teeth 10 is interposed between the stub shaft flange 64 anda rabbeted -portion of the adjacent end of the sleeve 65, the disc beingbacked by a friction disc 1 I. A gear 12 is mount ed on the bushing 66between the friction disc 1| and the bushing flange 68, the latter beingurged against thegear 12 by a spring washer 13 which may be adjustablytensioned by a nut 14 having rangement being such that, if for anyreason the carriage encounters resistance to its return travel beforethe motor C has been stopped, the gear 12, although continuing torotate, will slip on the ,friction disc 1|, permitting the carriage tostop without breakage of any of the parts.

The use of a helical tooth pinionv52 and helical tooth gear 12 isdesirable in order to provide for quiet operation. The helical teeth ofcourse will. produce an end thrust on the gear 12 toward the rear-of themechanism frame 3|. To counteract such endA thrust, lan `anti-frictionthrust bearing 16 is supported on a block 11 secured to the supportingplate 31 by screw 18, the outer race of the bearing 16 being disposed tocontact with the rear face of the gear 12. If desired, the helical toothpinion and gear may be replaced by an 0rdinary pinion and spur gear, onebeing of nonsleeve and winding drum D, an exteriorlyv threaded nut 84and an internally threaded nut 85 securing the outer and inner bearingraces to the drum D and sleeve 80 respectively. 'I'he winding drum isformed to provide a spring housing comprising a circumferential flange86 and an end plate 81 formed with ears 88 overlying the outer surfaceof the flange 86 and serving with screws 89 to secure the end plate 8 1to the flange 86. A clutch disc 90 formed with teeth 9| is secured tothe end plate by rivets 92, the clutch disc being so disposed that theteeth 9| thereof will cooperate with the teeth 10 on the clutch disc 69when the winding drum is moved rearwardly, that is, toward the gear 12.

The pull band F is wrapped around the winding drum D, having one of itsends secured thereto by a screw 93. The unwound :portion of the band Fextends upwardly and over a pulley or roller 94 journalled as at 95 on abracket 96 secured to the mechanism frame 3| by screws 91. The bandextends from the roller 94 towardthe left, and is connected to thecarriage in a manner to be described later, the arrangement being suchthat when the motor C` runs the winding drum D will rotate in thedirection of the arrow spring being tensioned so` as constantlyto urglethe winding drum D in the direction of the` arrow b in Figure 19, thusholding the band taut.

Referring now to the mechanism for controlling the starting and stoppingof thev motor C and the engaging and disengaging of the clutch end ofthe clutch-operating arm 8| is held in its forward position against theurge of the spring |20 by the ear |20 on the arm IIS of the level IIB,which `normally is latched in the position shown in Figures and 16 bymeans hereinafter described. A spring |32 is connected at its upper endas at |33 to the arm |22, and at its lower end '.is connected to a fixedpost |34. The spring |00 a yieldable conducting member |06 equipped witha contact point |01 so positioned as to engage the contact point |02'when moved downwardly. A nut |08 secures a circuit connection |09 to thescrew |05. A bushing |i0 extending through the' other flange IIi of theswitch body 98 receives for sliding movements a plunger ||2 operable bymeans to be described for pushing 'downwardly on the conducting member|06 to move its contact point |01 into engagement with the contact point|02 for closing the motor circuit.` The switch body and parts carriedthereby are mounted by screws ||3 on an angle plate ||4 which in turn isconnected by screws ||5 to disengage the clutch E. In the form shownthis member comprises a lever generally designated ||6 and fixed to ashaft ||1 by means off a set screw H8, the shaft being pivoted lto theside .walls of the mechanism housing 3|. The lever ||6 includes avertically extending arm IIS Aformed at its upper extremity with an eardisposed ibehind and having one-way operating connection with the upperend of the clutchoperating arm 8|, which is freely pivoted at its lowerend on the shaft I|1 and is pivotally connected tothe sleeve 80 by apintle I2 I. The lever I ||6 also includes a horizontally and rearwardlyextending armv |22, the rear end of which is formed with an ear |23 towhich is connected the upper end of a link |24, the lower end of thislink being pivoted at |25 to an ear |26 on the intermediateclutchdisc'55. Mounted on vthe arm |22' of the lever I|6 is a presserpiece |21 which is held in adjusted position on the arm by means ofscrews |28, the presser piece |21 being so disposed as to engage andpress downwardly on the switch plungerv ||2 when the lever ||6 is rockedto swing the arm |22 thereof downwardly.

A spring |29 coiled around the shaft I|1 has one end hooked to the lowerend of the clutch operating arm 8| above the shaft |I1, as shown inFigure 15, the otherend of the spring being hooked at a' point below theshaft to the heel or bottom end of 'an arm |30 secured to theshaft by aset screw I3I. scribed in 4more detail, the arm- |30 is capableofpreventing rocking movement of the lever I I6 for rendering thecontrolmechanism incapable As hereinafter will be de,

constantly urges the arm |22 downwardly, and, when the arm is permittedto move downwardly, the ear |20 on the arm ||9 will move rearwardly,permitting the upper end of the clutch-operating arm 8| also to moverearwardly under the urge vof the spring |29 so as to shift the sleeve80 and connected clutch disc 80 rearwardly to eiect driving connectionof the clutch discs 00 and 69.

` During downward movement of the arm |22, the

presser piece |21 thereon will engage the plunger I i2 and move thelatter downwardly to close the switch I. It will be observed that, whenthe lever I I6 rocks in a direction to close the switch I, the ear |20moves relatively away from the clutchoperating arm 8|. Thus, in the rareinstances in which the clutch teeth 10 and 0| are at rest ,exactlyopposite each other, their mutual engagement, although preventingmovement of the clutch-operating arm 81, will not prevent movement ofthe lever I I6 to close the switch I to sta'rt the motor. The instantthe motor starts the clutch disc 60 will start to rotate, causing theteeth 10 to clear the teeth 9| and permitting the spring |29 to rock thearm 8| and move the sleeve 80 and clutch disc 90 to engage the latterwith the clutch disc 60. The mechanism for actuating the lever ||6 tocause it to effect such control of both the switch 1 and the clutch Ewill now be described.

The carriage return key J is mounted on an arm |35 carried at the frontend of a shaft |36v which is journalled in a bracket |31 carried on 'theframe A, -the rear end of 'the shaft extending through an oblong opening|38 in the mechanism frame. 'I'he extreme rear .end of the shaft |36 isflattened as at |39 vand extends into a slot |40 in an extension shaft|4I journalled in ears |42 of a bracket` |43 supported on the Amechanismframe 3|. A collar |44 on the extension shaft I4| prevents rearwardmovement of` the shafts |4| and |36, and a collar |45 secured to theshaft 36 adjacent the bracket |31 prevents forward movement of the shaft|36.

A crank arm |46 is secured to the extension shaft 4| by means of a setscrew |41, the'hub of the arm cooperating with the adjacent bracket ear|42 to prevent forward movement of the extension shaft |4I. The-,collar|44 is formed with a flat side |48 adapted to engage along its upper andlower edges respectively with the bracket |43 for limiting rockingmovement of the shafts |36 and I4I. Pivoted at |40l on the end of thecrank arm |46 ls a depending catch plate |50, which is formed with aninclined. cam edge I5| positioned to engage a stop |52 held in adjustedposition on the supporting plate 31 by a screw |53. Below its cam edge|5| the catch plate |50 is'formed with a recess |54, the lower wall ofwhich provides a shoulder |55. 'I'he catch plate is formed below thisshoulder with' a cam edge |56 which of starting the motor C and engagingthe clutch direction to move the clutch disc 00 into operative ,lengagement vwith the clutch disc- 68. Except- 'when the carriage isbeing returned, the upper is inclined reversely to the cam edge I5Ipreviously referred to.

' an ear |60 normally'positioned in the recess |54 of the catch plate'|50 as shown in Figure 15. A\ spring IBI interposed between another arm|62 4performing these functions, means are provided for holding the arm|30, the shaft ||1, and the 1 2,958,911 of the bell crank |51 andthecatch plate |50 urges the catch plate against the stop |52 and urges thebell crank |51 in acounterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure 15 soas to position a latch hook |63 on the depending part of the bell crank|51 under the arm |22 of the lever ||6. Normally, the latch hook |63,being posi.- tioned underl the arm |22, will support the latter,

holding it in the position shOWn in Figures 15 and 16, which is they:positionit occupies when the switch I is open and the clutch E isvdisengaged. `When it is desired to effect return travel of thecarriage,the key J is depressed, thus rock-f ing the shafts |36 and |4| and thecrank arm |46 so as to raise the. catch plate |50. Asthe catch platemoves upwardly, its inclined cam surface |5| will act upon the fixedstop |52 to cause the catch plate to swing in a clockwise direction asviewed in Figure 15. The upward movement of the catch plate |50 will,because of the contact of the shoulder |55 thereon with the ear |60 onthe bell'crank |51, rock the bell crank in a clockwise direction andmove the hook |63 thereon from underneath .the arm |22 of the lever I6.r

Theparts are so formed and` adjusted that the shoulder |55 `will movefrom underneath the ear |60 and become disengaged therefrom immediatelyafter the hpok |63 on the bell crank |51 becomes disengaged from the arm|22. As soon as the hook |63 has moved from. underneath theI platerearwardly to theposition shown in full lines in Figure 13. When theplate is in this position the arm |33 can partake of the rockingmovements in the opening |64 necessary to permit operative movements o!the lever I3. When it is desired to render the mechanism inoperative,the plate |65 is moved forwardly to the position shown in dotted linesin Figure 13 against the urge of thespring |13, causing the end of theplate adjacent the arm to engage the upper end of the arm and move it orhold it in such a position that the lever I6 will be held inthe positionshown in Figures 15 and 16. l

' Mechanism for retarding or braking the car'- riage travel when thecarriage approaches the ing |8| in the usual tabulator finger cover |82,f thus bracing the bracket |15. To hold the arm |22, the spring |32 willswing the arm down- Y wardly about the shaft ||1, and the presser'piece|21 will engage the switch plunger ||2 and press it downwardly so as toyclose the motor circuit and start the'motor. Also, during the downwardlmovement of the arm |22, the arm ||9 and ear |20, which move in unisonwith the arm |22, will move rearwardly, thus permitting the spring |29to move the upper end of the clutch-operating lever 3| rearwardly so asto shift the clutch disc 30 into operative engagement with the clutchdisc 69. Continued operation of the motor will drive the winding drum Dthrough the connec- Itions hereinbefore described so as to wind up thepull band F, effect line spacing,4 and then effect..

return travel of the carriage.

In order to render the automatic line spacing and carriage returnmechanism inoperative so as to limit the machine to manual operation forelongated in the direction of rocking movement of the arm |30 so as topermit the arm to move for permitting operative movements of the lever|I5. v A plate |65 having slots |66 and |61 is mounted vfor slidingmovements on top ofthe mechanism frame 3|, being guided by shoulderscrews |68 and |69 passing through the slots |66 and |61 respectively.`The slot |61 is formed with an offset portion |10, permitting theadjacent end of the plate |65 to bemoved laterally so as to position thescrew |69v relatively in the oil-set portion-|10 for retaining the plateagainst rearward movement from the dotted line position shown in Figure13 to the full line position. Manipulation of the plate |65 isfacilitated by a finger piece |1| thereon which extends upwardly throughan opening |12 in the mechanism frame cover 42. A spring |13 interposed`between the 'back and -forth freely when required to d o so plate |65and a fixed post |14 constantly urges the 75 bracket still more firmlyin place, it is formed with an ear |63 which is secured to thevertically extending bracket. 96 by screws |84.

A bracket secured on the top of the bracket |15 by screws |86 isprovided with spaced ears |81 on which 1s carried a shaft |88 mountingthe .hub |89 oi a bell crank lever generally designated |90. The lengthof the hub |89 is somewhat less than the distance between the two ears|81, so that the bell crank lever may be shifted along the shaft |38 fora purposeto be explained later. Normally, however, the bell crank leveris held in its forward position by means of a spring |9| interposedbetween therear end -of the hub |39 and the rearmost ear |81 on thebracket |35. One

arm |32 of the bell crank lever |90 extends upwardly and normally isdisposed in the path of a projection |33 on the left margin stop |0.Another` arm |34 'of the bell crank lever is pivotally connected as at|95 to the top end of a link |36 which extendsthrough an opening |91 inthe bracket |15 for connection to the carriage retarding device H. Thebottom end ofthe link |36 is pivotally connected as at |98 to a piston|99 mounted in a cylinder 200 which is secured underneath the bracket|15 by means of screws 20|. The piston |99 is urged upwardly by a spring202 which yields to permit the'piston to move downwardly when the marginstop projection |93 engages the arm |92 of the b'ell crank lever to rockthe lever in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure '1, theprimary function of the spring 202'being to return the link |36 and bellcrank lever |90 to the position shown,

in full lines in Figure '7. The retarding action of the dash pot H isdue to the restricted release of air from underneath the piston througha vent 203 at the bottom of the cylinder and adjustable by means of aneedle valve 204 held in adjusted position by a lock nut 205. It will beunderstood that the dash pot H functions only to retard the v ythe endof the return travel.

tional engagement. This mechanism includes a lever 206 pivoted as at201-201 to the cylinder 200. The lever conveniently may be composed oftwo similar' pieces riveted together as at 208-400, the central portionsof the pieces lying on opposite sidesof the cylinder 200 and the endportions ofthe pieces being disposed alongside of and in abuttingrelation to each other. Adjustably secured to one endv of the lever 205by a screw 209 is a short link 2|0 which extends up through an opening2|| in the bracket |15 and has its upper end bent over to provide ahorizontally disposed portion 2|2 positioned under the arm |94 of thebell crank lever |90. The other end of thelever 206 is pivotally,connected as at 2|3 to a link 2| 4, the lower end of which is pivoted asat 2| 5, to one arm 2|6 of a three-armed carried by the friction clutchdisc 56. When the carriage approaches the end of its return travel, themargin stopprojection |93 will rock the bell crank lever |90 until thelever arm |94 engages the horizontally disposed part 2 I2 of the link2|0 and moves the link downwardly so as to rock the lever 206 and liftthe link 2I4. This will rock the lever 2|1 and move the arm 2|9 thereofdlownwardly, also moving the arm 220 of the rocking lever 22|downwardly, and causing its vertically extending arm 226 to pressinwardly on the pin 51 to effect operative frictional engagement of theclutch discs 53, 55, and 58 and the interposed friction clutch lining60. The intermediate disc 55 then will be carried in the direction ofthe arrow c, thus moving the link |24 upwardly and moving the arm 22,01.the lever ||6 to the position shown in Figures 15 and 16, so as to openthe switch I, stopping the motor, and also effecting disengagement ofthe clutch E. As is well known, there always. is a little back lash inthe escapement mechanism of typewriting machines which causes thecarriage to rebound. or moveback in letter' space direction about half aletter space, or approximately one-sixteenth inch, after its left marginstop has engaged the center stop at This rebound is sucient to relievepressure of the arm |94 of the bell crank lever |90 on the link 2|0.Consequently, axial pressure on the pin 51 of the friction clutch willbe released, and the intermediate disc 55 will be operativelydisconnected from the discs 53 and 58. The intermediate disc 55 thuswill be free to be moved under the urge of the spring |32 when the key Jis depressed again to start another return movement of the carriage. Athird arm 221 of the 'three-armed llever is formed with a near 228adapted toengage an adjustable stop screw 229 on the mechanism frame 3|so' as to limit rocking movement of the three-armed lever 2| 1.Adjustment of the stop screw 229Wi1l vary the upward movement of the4arm 2|9 of the lever 2|1 and thus adjust the 4im In the form oftypewriter disclosed herein, this is accomplished by moving the centerstop |2 rearwardly out ofthe path of theY abutment screw and the marginstop |0, and also by moving the bell crank lever rearwardly so that itsarm |92 will be disposed out of `the path of the margin stop extension|93. Toaccomplish such movement of the bell crank lever |90 a shiftinglever 230, pivoted as at 23| on a bracket 232, has one end forked at 233tc'embrace loosely the bell crank arm |94. The other end` of the lever230 is forked as at 234 to embrace loosely the vertically extending partof the adjustable link l0 of the tabular finger operating mechanismpreviously referred to. When the margin release key or tabular key (notshown) is depressed, drawing the -pull rod 26 forwardly,

the .adjustable link |8 will be moved forwardly and will rock the lever230, thus shiftingthe bell crank lever |90 rearwardly against the urgeof the spring |9| so asvto move the bell crank lever arm |92 to the rearof the path of the margin stop extension |93. The carriage may then bemoved to the right beyond the normal limit of its travel without causingengagement ofthe margin stop extension |93 with the bell crank leverlarm |92.

Means are provided for rocking the bell crank lever 90 to stop the motorand disengage the clutch E in the event the key J is depressed after thecarriage has beenV moved` to the right beyond the normal limit of itstravel. As shown in Figures 1 and 10, an abutment 234 is secured to thetabular stop frame 21, preferably by two screws, only one 234b of whichis shown. 'I'he abutment 234 projects forwardly andis positioned totrail the margin stop extension. |93 with respect to the direction ofcarriage return movement, and is so disposed that, if the carriage ismoved beyond the normal limit of travel to the right, the abutment willengage the arm |92 and rock the bell crank lever |90, whether the latteris in its normal or forward position, or whether it is in its marginclearing or rearward position. Thus stopping of the motor anddisengagement of the clutch E when the, carriage reaches the extreme endof its travel to the right is assured, even though the bell crank lever|90 has been shifted to effect margin release. Itis preferred that theabutment be adjustable longitudinally of the tabulator stop frame 21.To-this end the abutment is formed with elongated slots through whichthe attaching screws pass. One slot 234 through which the screw 234bpasses is shown in Figure 1.

Referring now to the connectionbetween the pull band F and the carriageB, preferably through line spacing mechanism, Figures l and 'I showpanangle plate 235 provided with a leg 235 which is clamped under thetabular stop frame securing nut 231 on the carriage. A lever 238 ispivotally mounted as at 239 on the plate' 235, and has its rear endattached by a screw 240 to a connecting piece 24| at the end of the bandF.. Also pivoted as at 242 on the plate 235 .and overlying the lever230' is a lever 243 which is urged in a clockwise direction, as viewedin Figure 1, by a spring 244. The lever 243 is formed with a slot 245into which extends a roller pin 246 carried by the lever 238. The freeend of the lever 243 is connected as at 241 to the rear end of a. pullrod or link 248, the front end of which is pivotally connected as at 249to the line space rock lever 4. When the band F pulls the rear end ofthe lever 238 towardthe right tion shown in Figure 1.

arm 4 rearwardly (to the left as viewed in Figure 9) so as to effectline spacing. It is desirable that the carriage be started on its returntravel immediately after completion of line spacing movement oftheplaten. To this end, means are provided for limiting the swinging oftheVlever 238 under the pull of the band F. A stop lug 258 on the -lever 238is adapted to engage a stop arm 25| mounted adjustably under the plate235, one end of the stop arm 25| being clamped under a lock nut 252 forthe pivot 242 of the lever 243. The stop arm 25| is formed intermediateits ends with a slot 253 through which extends a lockingtscrew 254. Byloosening the lock nut 252 and the locking screw 254, the stop arm 25|can be shifted about the pivot 242 so as to vary the movement of the arm238 which will take place before the stop lug 258 thereon engages thestop armv 25|. Preferably, a cover 255 is connected to the plate 235 andextends over the levers 238 and 243.

` It is desirable at times to effect manual line spacing, and, toprovide for such operation, a link 256 has its rear end'pivotallyconnected as at 251 to the line spacing rock arm 4, and at its front endis formed with a yslot 258 which receives a pin 259 carried by the shortactuating arm member 26|! of aline spacing lever generally designated26| pivoted on the carriage by a shoulder screw 262. A handle 263, alsopivoted as at 262, normally extends substantially transversely to theline of carriage travel and is formed' on its lower side with a flatsurface or pressure face 264 which is adapted to engage the front edgeof the short arm 268 when the handle 263 is moved in a counterclockwisedirection, as viewed in Figure l, so as to move the arm 268 in the samedirection, thereby pushing the link 256 and rocking thearm 4 rearwardlyto effect manual line spacing in the usual manner. The handle 263 andshort arm 268 of the line space lever thus are connected by a one-waydrive connection 264-268 in order that the handle 263 may yield and moverearwardly to a position in which it extends substantially parallel tothe line of carriage travel, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 1 if theoperator should catch his or her hand between lthe handle and 269 isattached at one end to the bracket 96 by means of a screw 218. Adjacentits other end the guard is provided with ears 21| ywhich are attached tothe tabulatbr finger cover |62 by 'screws 212.

The screw 210 attaching the right hand end of the guard 269 to thebracket 96 preferably is washer 214 shouldered so as to serve as a pivotfor a swingable paper guide 213 frictionally held under the head of thescrew 218 byv means of a spring (Figure '7). The purpose of the paperguide is to support and prevent the rear overhanging end of a narrowsheet of paper used at the extreme right side 4of a wide carriage frombecomingv entangled between and damaged by the rear of the carriageandthe the typewriter when the carriage i'sbeing moved dle 263. A springwasher 266 is disposed under thehead of the screw `262 and is sotensioned as to permit relative separating movement of the arm 268 andhandle 263 so as to allow the depression 266 to move relatively awayfrom the headof the rivet 265, thus allowing the handle 263 to swing tothe dotted line posi- The pin and slot lost motion connection 259-258between the link 256 and the arm 26|| permits the link to reciprocateidly during automatic line spacing without oscillating the line spacinglever 26|. In order to prevent injury to the `band F and possibleentanglement of paper with the band and pulley 94, a horizontallydisposed guard carriage return mechanism. The guide 213 is shown in fulllines in its operative position ,inv

Figures 1 and '1, but is movable to an inoperative position as shown indotted lines in Figure l. Themovernent of the paper guide is limited bymeans of a stop 215 (Figures 1 and 7).

To recapitulate the operation of the mechanism described above, it willbe assumed that the carriage is at rest in its right hand position readyfor the starting vof a line to" be typed. The catch plate |58 will be inthe position shown inllgure 15, and thel latch hook |63 will be holdingthe arm |22 up in the position shown in Figures 15 and 16. The switch Iwill be open, and the ear |28 on the arm |19 will hold theclutch-operating arm 8| in its forward position against the urge of thespring |29 so as to maintain the clutch E disengaged. The typing of theVline will then be performed in theusual manner. To effect line spacingand then return travel of the carriage, the key J is depressed, rockingthe shaft |36 and extension shaft `|4| so as to lift the catch plate|58. Up-

ward movement of the catch plate will move the move the ,catch platetowardthe position shown in dotted lines in Figure 15. Immediately afterthe hook |63 is moved from under the lever arm |22, the catch plateshoulder |55 will move from underneath the ear .|68 on the bell cranklever |51, thus permitting the spring |6|1` to move the' bell crank,lever |51 to 'position the hook |63 against the lever` arm |22, so.that, when the lever arm subsequently is raised, the hook |63 will bemoved under it -to holdl it up. If the operator should not release thekey J before the carriage reaches the end of its return travel, the hook|63 of 'the bell crank lever |51 will nevertheless move under the' arm|22 of the lever ||6 and'will hold the arm |22 up. If, then, the key Jvis released, `the catch plate |58 will descend and the cam edge |56thereon will slide on the ear |68 ofthe bell crank lever |51, and swingvthen be positioned in readiness fior the starting`of another operationby depressing Ithe key J. Downward movement of the lever arm |22,

` effected as described above, will push'the link |24 downwardly toposition the ear |26 of the intermediate friction clutchdisc 55 in theplosition shown in Figure 11. Downward movement of the lever arm |22also will close the switch I sol as to start the motorC and engage theclutch E. The motor will then drive the winding drum D so 'asto move thepull band F toward the right as viewed in Figure 1, causing the lever238 to be rocked from the position shown in full lines to the positionshown in dotted lines in Figure 1, thereby rocking the lever 243 andpulling rear- 10 carriage toward the right. If,` during such movement,the operators hand 4or any article should e be caught between the linespace lever handle 263 -and Athe typewriter frame, the handle will yieldand move to the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 1, so that noinjury will be done to the operator orv the typewriter. If the carria'geshould encounter resistance to its return travel, other than resistancewhich might be offered by obstructing lthe line spacing lever, theH slipclutch 1 |12 will slip, thus interrupting the.. 25

drive and preventing breakage of parts. When the carriage approaches theend of lts return travel, the margin stop projection |93 will engage thebell crank lever arm |92 so as to rock the bell crank |90 against theresistance of the clashv 30 pot piston |99, which will retardA the speedof the carriage for the .remainder of its return travel, and will causeincreased tooth pressure in the clutch E. Continued and retardedmovement of thecarriage nally will cause the'bell 35 crank lever arm |94to press the link 2|0 downwardy so as the rock the lever 206, raise thelink 2|4, and rock the levers 2|1 and' 22| so as to press the pin 51inwardly to eifect sudden frictional contact of the rotating discs 53andl 56I 40 with the disc 55 which is stationary at the moment the pin51 is'first pressed inwardly. The discs then act as a brake which willcause the motor to slow down, consequently lessening the preparing theclutch E for easy disengagement. With the intermediate clutch disc 55frictionally clutched to the discs 53 and 56, which 4will be rotating inthe direction of the arrow c (Figures 11 and 15), the intermediate discwill be moved no with the discs 53 and 56 so as to lift the link |24 andwith it the arm |22 of theflever ||6 until the hook |63 of the bellcrank lever |51 is swung under the' lever arm |22 by the spring |6|.

Movement of the lever I| I6 to this position will 55 open the switch Iand disengage the clutch E. The platen will thus be brought torest'automatlcally even if the carriage return key J should be helddepressed. In order to start thel motor C and engage the clutch E again,it is 50 .necessary for the key J to be released and then depressedagain.

If it is desired to clear the left hand margin, it is necessary only todepress the tabularkey or margin release key so as to shift the bellcrank 65 minimizing harmful shocks and reducing noise. 7o

However, theretarding mechanism may be eliminated without interferingwith the automatic stopping of the carriage at the end of its returntravel. When the retarding device H is not to be used, the flanges|11|18 of the bracket |15 75 are replaced by a flange 216 extendingcontinuously along the rear of the bracket |15. The

lever 206 is replaced with a simple lever 211 pivoted as at 210 on theflange 216. One end of the lever 211 is adjustably secured by a screw219 to the link 2|0, the upper end 2|2 of which is disposed under an arm280 used yin place of the l arm |94 on the bell crank lever |90. Theother end of the lever 211 is pivotally connected as at 28| to thelink-2M. When the carriage approaches the end of its return travel,movement of the bell crank lever will cause its arm 200 to pressdownwardly on the link 2|0, thus rocking the lever 211 and lifting thelink 2M, which will open the motor switch I and disengage the clutch Ein the manner already described.

It will beapparent that mechanismfembodying the invention will effectquick, safe, and quiet performance of the line spacing and carriagereturning operations under the control of a single easily operable key.Y The only appreciable forces resisting depression of the key J are thetension of the spring I 6|, which is quite light, and the slightfrictionaldrag of the fhook |63 at it slides from underneath the1ever-arm 22. Consequently only a very light pressure or touch I' isrequired to depress the key J to start carriage return movement. 'I'heflat end |39 and slot |40 connection between the shafts |36 and |4l actsas a flexible or semi-universal joint capable of operatively couplingthe-shafts when they are at relative heights and positions differingwithin substantial limits.

ent locations at the right of the typewriter. The mechanism frame' 3|and mechanism carried thereby can be applied as a unit to thetypewriting machine and the control shaft y|4| and pinion shaft 48coupled substantially end-to-end respectively with the key shaft |36 andmotor shaft-43.

The mechanism disclosed-herein embodies the invention in its nowpreferred form, but various pressure between the clutch teeth 10 and 9|,thus 45 changes may be made in the construction and relativearrangementy of the parts without' departing from the invention asdefined in the claims.

I claim: l

V1. In a typ'ewriting machine, .a main frame; a carriage mounted thereonfor letter spacing and return movements; a key-operated shaft'journalled on said main frame; a motor mounted on said main -frame andhaving a shaft; a mechanism frame; a carriage return winding drum,driving mechanism, and start-and-stop mechanism therefor mounted on andhoused .within Y said mechanism frame and including a control shaft anda drive shaft; means for coupling the control shaft to the key-operatedshaft; and

means for coupling' the drive shaft'to the motor shaft, one of saidcoupling means comprising a flexible coupling device, said twocoupling'means adapting the mechanism frame with the mechanism housedtherein to be'applied as a unit to the typewriting machine land saidcontrol shaft and drive shaft to be coupled respectively to saidAkey-operated shaft and said motor shaft.

2. In a typewriting machine, a main frame; a carriage mounted thereonfor letter spacing and return movements; a plate attached to said mainframe at the rear of one end thereof; a motor mounted on said plate; a.mechanism frame also mounted on said plate; winding mechanism mounted onsaid mechanism frame and Consequently the key J may be placed at any oneof a number of differmotive shaft. a devicerel'ponsive' audtnke smentirew riage reaches a predetermined positional-during its.

incnauzepuubcnd adapted :or ecnneenon te the. startend-stop controlmeans for "sind mounted on me meenanism fr'aniebl bracket secured tosaid main frame at the rear and top thereof; carriage op erablemechanism supportednon said bracket; a dash pot mounted by and undersaid bracket and behind said main frame; means connecting the dash potto said carriage-operable mechanism;

and e a carriagefstop-eifecting motion transmit- 4 ting connectionbetween 'said carriage operable mechanism and said control means.

3. In a typewriting machine;V a main frame;

' a `carriagemounted thereon for letter spacing and return movements; .amechanism frame mounted on said main frame; winding mechanism carried bysaid mechanism frame; aipull band extending from said' windingmechanism' and upwardly at one end of the main frame; a bracketconnected at its lower end to said mechanism frame and extendingupwardly at said end of the main frame; a pulley on said bracket andover which said band is trained and from. which the band extendslongitudinally inthe direction of carriage travel for connection to thecarriage;

a guard substantially surrounding the longitudil nally .extendingportion of the band; and means connecting said guard to said bracket andto said main frame at a point spaced from said bracket.

`4. In a typewriting machine, a main frame; a carriage mounted thereonfor letter spacing and return movements; a tabulator mechanism coversupported on and at the rear of said main frame; a mechanism framemounted on said main frame; winding mechanism carried by saidy mechanismframe; a pull band extending from said winding' mechanism and upwardly.at one end of the main frame; a bracket extending upwardlyV at said endof the main frame; a pulley on said bracket and over which said band istrained and from which the band extends longitudinally in the directionof carriage travel for connection to the carriage; a guard substantiallysurrounding the longitudinally extending portion of the band; fand meansconnecting said guard at spaced points thereon respectively to saidbracket and said tabulator mechanism cover.

5. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriagemounted thereonI forletter-spacing and return movements; a motor; carriage-return drivingconnections including a clutch between the motor and carriage, saidclutch including vcoengageable elements more easily disengageable fromeach other inversely with respect to the driving effort beingtransmitted; means for engaging and disengagng said clutch elements; anormally ineffective impositive friction brake adapted to be effeptiveon said driving connections on the motor side of said clutch forretarding the motor and diminishing the driving effort being transmittedto facilitate disengaging the clutch; and means responsive to carriagetravel for applying said brake prior to disengaging movement of saidclutch-disengaging means when the carriage reaches a predeterminedposition during its return travel. Y

6. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and return movements; a power-operated motive shaft;

carriage return driving connections including a jto facilitate clutchdisengagement comprising an impositive friction brake cooperablewith's'aid movement for applying f return travel and prior to 5 of saidclutch-disengaging means. 7. In a typewiting machine, a frame; acarriage mounted thereon for letter spacing'and return movements; amotor; a motive shaft driven thereby; carriage return drivingconnections including a toothed clutch between said shaft and carriage;means for engaging and disengaging said clutch; means active duringcontinued transmission of power lfrom the motor to the carriage forretarding movement ofthe carriage during the latter part of its returntravel and causing thereby'increased clutch tooth pressure; and meansfor diminishing clutch tooth pressure to facilitate clutch disengagementcomprising an impositive friction brake cooperable with said 2o motiveshaft. and a device responsive to carriage movement for applying saidbrake when the carriage reaches a predetermined position during itsreturn travel and prior to disengaging movement of saidclutch-disengaging means.

8. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and return movements; a motor; a motor driven shaft;carriage return driving connections in- -cluding a clutch between saidshaft and carriage, said 'clutch including coengageable elements moreeasily disengageable from each other inversely with respect the drivingeffort being transmitted; control means for star-ting said motor andengaging said clutch elements to initiate a carriage return movement; anormally ineffective impositive friction brake adapted to be effectiveon said` driving connections between the motor and the clutch; meansresponsive to carriage return movement prior to disengagement of theclutch for applying said brake to retard the motor, diminish the drivingeffort being transmitted, and thus to facilitate disengaging the clutch;and means driven by the motor for disengaging said clutch.

9. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carringe mountedthereon forletter spacing and return movements; a motor; a motor' driven shaft;carriage retur driving connections including a clutch betweensaid shaftand carriage and including cooperating toothed elements; vcontrol meansfor starting said motor and engaging said clutch elements to initiate acarriage return movement; an impositive friction brake eective on saiddriving connections between the motor and the clutch; means normallyoperatively disconnected from the motor and being adapted to beoperatively connected thereto for disengaging said clutch elements andstopping said motor; and means responsive to carriage return movementfor applying said brake and effecting operative connection between saidclutch-disengaging and motor-stopping means and said motor.

10. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and return movements; a motor; a. motor driven shaft;carriage return driving connections including a toothed clutch betweensaid shaft and said carriage; means for disengaging said toothed clutch;a motor brake including a normally stationary shiftable first frictionclutch element normally operatively disconnected from said shaft, and asecond friction clutch 'element rotatable with said shaft; meansconnecting said rst friction clutch element to the toothed 5clutch-disengaging means; and means responsive 1go to carriage travelduring the latter part of carriage return movement for effectingfrictional driving connection between said two friction effectfrictional driving connection between `said two discs and disengagementof the driving clutch.

return movements; anelectric motor; a motor driven shaft; carriagereturn driving connections including a toothed-clutch between said shaftand said carriage; a motor switch; means for disengaging said toothedclutch, and for opening said motor switch; a motor brake including anormally stationary shiftable first friction clutch element freelyjournalled on said shaft, and ay second friction clutch elementconstrained to rotate with said shaft and normally being operativelydisconnected from said first friction clutch element; means connectingsaid first :friction clutch element to the clutch-disengaging andswitch-opening means; and means responsive to carriage return movementfor effecting frictional driving connection between said friction clutchelements for braking the motor, shifting said first clutch element,opening the motor switch, and disengaging said toothed clutch.

12. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and return movements; a motive shaft; carriage returndrive connections including a driving clutch between said shaft andthecarriage; a device connected to said clutch for disengaging the latter;and means adapted to frictionally connect said shaft to saiddevicefor'effecting clutch disengagement.,

, 13. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and return movements; a motive shaft; carriage returndrive connections including a driving clutch between said shaft and thecarriage; a device connected to said clutch for disengaging the lat--ter; and means operable in response to carriage return movement tofrictionally connect said shaft to said device for effecting clutchdisengagement.

14. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and return movements; a motive shaft; carriage returndrive connections including a driving clutch between said shaft and thecarriage; a first clutch disc connected to said driving clutch andadapted when rocked to effect disengagement of the driving clutch; asecond clutch disc connected to rotate with said shaft and normallybeing operatively disconnected from said first disc; and means forurging said discs relatively into operative engagement to effect rockingof said first disc and disengagement of saidl driving clutch.

15. In a typewriting machineja frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and re- -turn movements; a motive shaft; carriage returndrive connections including a driving clutch between said shaft and thecarriage; a first friction clutch disc freely journalled on said shaft;a connection between said disc and said driving clutch for disengagingsaid driving clutch upon rocking of said disc; a second friction clutchdisc ycoaxially supported by and rotatable in unison 4with said shaftand normally being operatively disconnected from said first disc; andmeans operable in response to carriage movement during the latter partof the carriage return travel for applying axial pressure to one of saiddiscs Vto 16. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mountedthereon for letter spacing and return movements; a motive shaft;carriage return drive connections including a driving clutch betweensaid shaft and the carriage; a rst friction clutch disc freelyjournalled on said shaft; a connection between said disc and saiddriving clutch for disengaging said driving clutch upon rocking of saiddisc; a second friction clutch disc coaxially supported by and rotatablein ,unison with said shaft and normally being operatively disconnectedfrom said first disc; a spring normally urging said discs relativelyapart; a stop forlimiting action of said spring and thereby xingthenormal clearance between said discs; and means operable in response tocarriage movement during the latter part of the carriage return travelfor applying axial pressure to one ydriving connections including ashaftbetween said motor and carriage; means for starting the drive from saidmotor to said carriage; means for stopping the drive; means foractuating the drive-stopping means, said actuating means including adevice adapted to be clutched to and rocked bysaid shaft; and meansincluding a plurality of coaxial friction discs for clutching saiddevice to said shaft.

18. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter-spacing and return movements; an electric motor having a shaft; amotor switch; .carriage-return drive connections including a drivingclutch between said motor shaft and said carriage; control means forclosing and opening said switch and engaging and disengaging saiddriving clutch respectively; means connected to said control means foroperating the latter to open said switch and disengage said drivingclutch, said operating means including a device 'normally free ofoperative driving connection with said motor shaft and being responsiveto carriage movement for being clutched to vand moved by said motorshaft; and m'eans'responsive to carriage return movement for clutchingsaid device to said motor shaft when the carriage approachesv the end ofits return travel.

19. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and return movements; an electric motor; a motor switch;carriage return drive connections between said motor and said carriage;control means for opening said switch; a first disc connected to saidcontrol means and adapted when rocked to move the control means to openthe switch, said disc normally being operatively disconnected fromsaid'motor; a second disc con' said first disc.

:drive connections between said motor and carriage including a 4clutchhaving an element shiitableto engage and disengage said clutch;

a shaft; a clutch-operating arm thereon and connected to said shiftable'clutch element; a lever mounted to rock about the axis of said shaft andrelatively to said arm; means providing driving connection from saidlever to said arm only when the lever is rocked in a iirst direction forpositively shifting said element to disengage the clutch; a spring forurging said arm to follow the lever when the latter is rocked in asecond and 'opposite direction for shifting said element to engage saidclutch; a lever-moving spring urging said lever in said oppositedirection; a key-releasable latch for holding said lever againstmovement by `the lever-moving spring; a rst friction disc; a connectionbetween said rst friction disc and said lever; av second friction discdriven by said motor and normally being out of driving relation to saidfirst friction disc; and means for effecting frictional drivingconnection between said two discs for rocking said first disc to movesaid lever in said first direction to disengage said clutch.

2l. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon' forletter spacing and return movements; a motor; carriage-return driveconnections between said motor and carriage; a control member mounted tomove to a iirst position for interrupting carriage-returning drive bythe motor and to a su. ond position for establishing carriage-returningdrive by the motor; means for urging said member to said secondposition; and means for moving said member to and maintaining it in saidiirst position including, for maintaining it lin said first position, apivotecl latch engageable with said member, and a catch plate releasablyengageable with said latch; key-operated means for moving said catchplate and with it said latch to disengage said latch from said member;and means for disengaging said catch plate from said latch after thelatter has been disengaged from said member.

22. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and return movements; a motor; carriage-return driveconnections between said motor" and carriage; a control member mountedto move to a rst position for interrupting carriage-returning drive bythe motor and to a second position for establishing carriage-returningdrive by the motor; a spring for urging said member to said secondposition; motive means operable in response to carriage movement as thecarriage approaches gaged and moved by said margin stop when thecarriage approaches the end of its return movement; means fortransmitting movement from said member to said drive-stopping means; andmeans operatively connected to said center stop and to said member formoving the member out of the path of the margin stop when the centerstop is moved toits inoperative position.

24. In a typewriting machine, a frame; acarriage mounted thereon forvletter spacing and return movements; a motor; carriage return drivingconnections between said motor and said carriage; a drive starting andstopping device; and means for actuating said device to stop the driveincluding a rst friction clutch element connected to said drive-stoppingdevice and nor- -mally operatively disconnected fromthe motor, a

second friction clutch element connected to be driven by the motor,means for eecting frictional driving connection between said twofrictional clutch elements, and means for adjustably fixing the normalclearance between said clutch elements.

25. In a typewriting machine, a main frame; a carriage mounted forletter-spacing and return travel thereon; power-operated carriage returnmechanism; a carriage-retarding means including a dash pot device havinga reciprocable element and a rockable lever comprising an arm connectedto said reciprocable element and being adapted to be disposed in thepathof travel of a part on the carriage to be rocked by said part duringthe last part of the carriage return travel and to thereby drive saiddash pot reciprocable element whereby travel of the carriage is smoothlyretarded; and means mounting said lever for shifting movementsubstantially laterthe end of its return travel for moving said withsaid latch and movable to disengage the` latch from said member, and cammeans for dis-` engaging said catch plate from said latch after thelatter has been disengaged from said member.

23. In a typewriting machine, a frame; a. carriage mounted thereon forletter spacing and return movements; a motor; carriage-retr-.rn drivingconnections between said motor and said carriage; means for starting thedrive from said motor to said carriage; means for stopping the drivefrom said motor to said carriage; a margin stop on said carriage;aoenter stop mounted on said frame for movement to operative andinoperative positions; a member movably mounted on said frame andpositioned to be enally of the line of travel of said carriage partselectively into said path of travel and out of said path of travelrespectively.

26. In a typewriting machine,- a main frame; a carriage mounted forletter-spacing and return travel thereon; power-operated carriage returnmechanism; a carriage-retarding means including a dash pot device havinga reciprocable element and a rockable lever comprising an arm connectedto said reciprocable element and being adapted to be disposed in thepath of travel of a part on the carriage to be rocked by said partduring the last part of the carriage vreturn travel and to thereby drivesaid dash pot reciprocable element whereby travel of the carriage' issmoothly retarded; means mounting said lever for shifting movementsubstantially laterally of the line of travel of said carriage partselectively into said path of travel and out of said path of travelrespectively; and a manually voperable device for shifting said leverselectively into and out of said path of travel.

2'?. In a typewriting machine, a main frame; a carriage mounted forletter-spacing and return travel thereon; power-operated carriage returnmechanism; a carriage-retarding means including a dash pot deviceincluding a reciprocable element and a pivoted lever connected to saidreciprocable element and adapted to be disposed in the path of travel ofa part on the carriage to be operated by said part during the last partof the carriage return travel; and a shaft mounting said lever forpivotal movement and for shifting movement substantially laterally ofthe line of travel of said carriage part selectively into said path ofVtravel and out of said path of travel respectively.

WILLIAM 0. MICHELSEN.

